• Arithmetic has biological roots and is a natural consequence of the organization of perception of the surrounding world.

•  People have been creating symbols for numbers for over 5500 years, and they are all based on addition and multiplication. 

•  Addition and multiplication are the fundamental operations of arithmetic, but there is no satisfactory answer to why they are universally true. 

•  Arithmetic can be based on biology, as insects show the ability to navigate spatially. 

•  The four principles of organization of perception (monotonicity, convexity, continuity, isomorphism) shape our perception of the world and allow us to streamline experience. 

•  Mathematics is the embodiment of the fundamental nature and creativity of the mind, and it is both invented and discovered.