I realize this community isn’t about product promotions, but I thought this one might be of general interest. Syntorial gives you a software synth and a very thorough series of lessons and challenges that teach you to relate the sound you hear or imagine to the knobs on your synthesizer. Each challenge gives you a sound which you have to recreate on the synth, and there are some quizzes too. It trains you to listen analytically and understand what you’re hearing in a subtractive synth patch. I’m a user, not the maker of this software, but I have found it very helpful.
Yeah, I “know” all this stuff but this gives me little bite-sized exercises I can use to improve my ear, and that is quite fun. I realized that there are certain kinds of sounds I never succeed in making, so I hope this helps.