Zum Artikel 52:

3. In case of doubt whether an object which is normally dedicated to civilian purposes, such as a place of worship, a house or other dwelling or a school, is being used to make an effective contribution to military action, it shall be presumed not to be so used.

Da steht halt leider nicht das, was du meinst. Im Zweifel hat der Schutz der Zivilbevölkerrung Vorrang. In den wenigen Ausnahmefällen, in denen beispielsweise ein Krankenhaus seinen Schutzstatus verlieren kann, gibt es klare Richtlinien, wie ein verhältnismäßiger Angriff auszusehen hat, Richtlinien, an die sich nicht gehalten wurde.

Übrigen gibts noch einige weitere spannende Artikel die man sich rauspicken kann, wenn wir schon mal dabei sind:

Article 51 - Protection of the civilian population

1. The civilian population and individual civilians shall enjoy general protection against dangers arising from military operations. To give effect to this protection, the following rules, which are additional to other applicable rules of international law, shall be observed in all circumstances. […]

2. Civilians shall enjoy the protection afforded by this Section, unless and for such time as they take a direct part in hostilities.

3. Indiscriminate attacks are prohibited. Indiscriminate attacks are:

(a) those which are not directed at a specific military objective; (b) those which employ a method or means of combat which cannot be directed at a specific military objective; or © those which employ a method or means of combat the effects of which cannot be limited as required by this Protocol;

5. Among others, the following types of attacks are to be considered as indiscriminate:

(a) an attack by bombardment by any methods or means which treats as a single military objective a number of clearly separated and distinct military objectives located in a city, town, village or other area containing a similar concentration of civilians or civilian objects; and (b) an attack which may be expected to cause incidental loss of civilian life, injury to civilians, damage to civilian objects, or a combination thereof, which would be excessive in relation to the concrete and direct military advantage anticipated.

Zu genau dem Thema

The organization spoke to survivors and eyewitnesses, analysed satellite imagery, and verified photos and videos to investigate air bombardments carried out by Israeli forces between 7 and 12 October, which caused horrific destruction, and in some cases wiped out entire families. Here the organization presents an in-depth analysis of its findings in five of these unlawful attacks. In each of these cases, Israeli attacks violated international humanitarian law, including by failing to take feasible precautions to spare civilians, or by carrying out indiscriminate attacks that failed to distinguish between civilians and military objectives, or by carrying out attacks that may have been directed against civilian objects.

Ja moin. Unter anderem wurde deshalb der ICC Haftbefehl ausgestellt (Zusammenfassung)

Israel is accused of:

• intentionally launching at least three disproportionate attacks
• willful killing and willfully causing serious injuries [to civilians] intentionally
• attacking Red Cross personnel or institutions.

Oder nochmal eine Zusammenfassung vom BBC):

For Netanyahu and Gallant, who was replaced as defence minister earlier this month, the chamber found reasonable grounds to believe that they “each bear criminal responsibility for the following crimes as co-perpetrators for committing the acts jointly with others: the war crime of starvation as a method of warfare; and the crimes against humanity of murder, persecution, and other inhumane acts”.

It also found reasonable grounds to believe that “each bear criminal responsibility as civilian superiors for the war crime of intentionally directing an attack against the civilian population”.

Das ist halt alles andere als einwandfrei verhältnismäßig und völkerrechtskonform - genau deshalb gab es ja auch den ICC Haftbefehl oder die rechtlich Bindende IGH-Weisung die Rafah-Offensive zu beenden.

Edit: Quoteblock adden, noch ein Link.