That’s fascinating, but isn’t it entirely possible that we’re going, “We expect to see a circular structure roughly 500 billion light years across and… oooh, that looks like one”? Wouldn’t you need to really find a second to say that there was a high chance of correlation vs causation? Or am I misunderstanding how they can say that this is a statistically significant finding?

I’ll be completely honest here - these may be really dumb questions because I am a total layman and my mathematics skills go up to GCSE and 20 years of computer programming level, so not very much :D